The saxophone consists of a conical brass body, which allows it to produce a wide range of notes. Its shape curves into a bell at the bottom, and the mouthpiece, located at the top, houses the reed that vibrates to create sound. The saxophone features numerous keys along its body, which are pressed by the player to open or close tone holes, altering the pitch. The design allows for smooth transitions between notes and a variety of tones, from mellow to sharp.

- *Types*: There are several types of saxophones, with the most common being the soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone. Each type varies in size and pitch range, with the soprano being the highest and the baritone the lowest.
- *Reed*: Like other woodwinds, the saxophone uses a single reed attached to its mouthpiece, which vibrates when air is blown through.
- *Keys*: The saxophone features a system of 20 to 23 keys, which control the opening and closing of the tone holes to produce different notes.
- *Material*: Although made from brass, the saxophone is coated with lacquer or silver plating to protect it and enhance its aesthetic.
- *Neck*: The neck of the saxophone, which connects the mouthpiece to the body, can be straight or curved depending on the type of saxophone.